Imagine your class is planning a party! We need to count items, find totals, share things equally, and handle money. This chapter uses real-life situations to practise multiplication, division, addition, and subtraction together.
Multiplication – Making Equal Groups
Multiplication is fast addition of equal groups.
3 packets of chips, 5 chips in each packet: 3 x 5 = 15 chips total.
Multiplication table facts are very useful here. Learn your tables from 2 to 10.
Division – Sharing at the Party
If 30 cupcakes are shared among 6 children: 30 / 6 = 5 cupcakes each.
Handling Money
- We use rupees (Rs.) and paise.
- 100 paise = 1 rupee.
- To find the total cost: multiply price x quantity.
- To find change: subtract amount paid - cost.
Collecting Data
We can use a tally chart or a simple table to count how many of each item we need, how many people chose each game, and so on.
Each child at the party gets 4 balloons. There are 7 children. How many balloons in all?
Step 1: 4 x 7 = 28.
Answer: 28 balloons are needed.
The class bought 3 packs of juice, each costing Rs. 15. What is the total cost?
Step 1: 3 x 15 = 45.
Answer: Total cost is Rs. 45.
24 sandwiches are placed on 4 plates equally. How many on each plate?
Step 1: 24 / 4 = 6.
Answer: 6 sandwiches on each plate.
Sana paid Rs. 50 for items costing Rs. 37. How much change did she get?
Step 1: 50 - 37 = 13.
Answer: She got Rs. 13 change.
In a vote for party games, 8 chose musical chairs, 11 chose relay race, 5 chose quiz. How many children voted in total?
Step 1: 8 + 11 + 5 = 24.
Answer: 24 children voted.
Key Points
- Multiply price x number of items to find total cost.
- Divide total items by number of people to share equally.
- Change = Amount paid - Amount spent.
Common mistakes
When calculating total cost, make sure you multiply (not add) the price by the number of items.
Summary
Party problems involve all four operations: addition for totals, subtraction for change, multiplication for equal groups, and division for sharing. Practise with real-life examples!