Every day we give and take — sharing pencils, paying for things, getting change back. This chapter helps us practise addition and subtraction in real-life situations, especially with money.
Rupees and Paise
- Indian currency uses rupees (Rs.) and paise (p).
- 100 paise = Re. 1 (one rupee).
- We write Rs. 5.50 to mean 5 rupees and 50 paise.
Adding Money
Line up the rupees with rupees and paise with paise. Add from right to left, regrouping when needed.
Subtracting Money
To find change or what is left, subtract the smaller amount from the larger amount.
Word Problems with Money
Key formulas
Rini buys a pen for Rs. 8 and a notebook for Rs. 15. How much does she pay in all?
Step 1: 8 + 15 = 23.
Answer: She pays Rs. 23 in all.
Aman has Rs. 100. He spends Rs. 67. How much is left?
Step 1: 100 - 67 = 33.
Answer: Rs. 33 is left with Aman.
A shopkeeper sold goods worth Rs. 348 on Monday and Rs. 275 on Tuesday. What are the total sales?
Step 1: 348 + 275 = 623.
Answer: Total sales are Rs. 623.
Moni had Rs. 500. She gave Rs. 175 to her brother and Rs. 230 to her sister. How much is left?
Step 1: Total given = 175 + 230 = 405.
Step 2: 500 - 405 = 95.
Answer: Rs. 95 is left.
A toy costs Rs. 85 and a game costs Rs. 120. Rohan has Rs. 200. Does he have enough to buy both?
Step 1: Total cost = 85 + 120 = Rs. 205.
Step 2: 205 > 200.
Answer: No, Rohan does not have enough. He is Rs. 5 short.
Key Concepts
- Always check if you have enough money before buying.
- Change = Amount paid - Cost.
- When borrowing money or giving back, use subtraction.
Common mistakes
Do not forget to convert paise to rupees when needed. 100 paise = 1 rupee.
Summary
Give and take involves adding and subtracting money. Find total cost by adding, find change by subtracting. Always work carefully with rupees and paise.